Phosgene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Phosgene - Essay ExampleAt temperatures above 250oC, phosgene decomposes to mixtures of speed of light monoxide (CO), chlorine gas (Cl2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Owing to its low boiling point of 7.56oC, it is very vapourific and non persistent. It may remain for long periods of time in trenches and other low lying atomic number 18as (Federation of American Scientists, 2007). Phosgene smells of pertly mown hay, at room temperature. It is soluble in fatty oils and organic solvents. Its odor threshold is 0.12-5.7 ppm. And its tolerable Exposure restriction Threshold Limit value (by volume in air) is 0.1 ppm (American Chemistry Council, 2002). Physical properties of Phosgene are given belowPhosgene hydrolyses slowly in water and releases hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide. Phosgene reacts well with caustic source and even more so with ammonia and ammonia water. Phosgene produces hazardous chemical reactions with accepted substances. Powdered at omic number 13 burns in the presence of the vapor of phosgene. Phosgene in whatever case reacts with alcohols. For example, with 2,4-Hexadiyne-1,6-diol, phosgene produces a shock lovesome compound 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-bischloroformate. It also produces hazardous products on reaction with secondary amines. When phosgene is mixed with potassium and subjected to shock, it explodes (American Chemistry Council, 2002).Phosgene is a highly knockout pulmonary toxicant. ... erg/molcmSolubility ParameterDipole Moment wagon train der Waals VolumeVan der Waals Area5.64E+041.1691934.95.20E+09(erg/cm3)A1/2Debye (D)cm3/molcm2/molRefractive Index Flash Point swiftness Flammability LimitLower Flammability1.35609UnknownUnknownUnknownCvol% in airvol% in airUpper Flammability Temperature Lower Flammability TemperatureAuto-Ignition TemperatureUnknownUnknownUnknownCCC parsimoniousnessVapor DensityVapor Pressure1.38 (20oC)3.4365 (-10oC)555 (0oC)1173 (20oC)g/cm3mmhgLC505ppm/1hPhosgene hydrolyses slowly in water and releases hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide. Phosgene reacts easily with caustic solution and even more so with ammonia and ammonia water. Phosgene produces hazardous chemical reactions with certain substances. Powdered aluminum burns in the presence of the vapor of phosgene. Phosgene also reacts with alcohols. For example, with 2,4-Hexadiyne-1,6-diol, phosgene produces a shock sensitive compound 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-bischloroformate. It also produces hazardous products on reaction with secondary amines. When phosgene is mixed with potassium and subjected to shock, it explodes (American Chemistry Council, 2002). tool of InjuryPhosgene is a highly dangerous pulmonary toxicant. Its exposure may not produce any symptoms for a long time, and by the time symptoms are bumped it usually results in fatalities. Its exposure produces big pulmonary edema. The routes of exposure to phosgene are inhalation, and skin/eye contact. Inhalation This is the major route of phosgene exposure . Since it is hard to detect the odor, there may be prolonged asymptomatic exposures. Phosgene also causes asphyxiation in poorly ventilate places, since it is heavier than air at temperatures above 8oC (American Chemistry